How to Use the ROUND, ROUNDUP, and ROUNDDOWN Functions in Excel

How to Use the ROUND, ROUNDUP, and ROUNDDOWN Functions in Excel

Excel provides three key functions to handle decimal numbers by rounding: ROUND, ROUNDUP, and ROUNDDOWN.

📘 Syntax:

• =ROUND(number, num_digits)
• =ROUNDUP(number, num_digits)
• =ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits)

✅ Parameters:

• number – The value to round
• num_digits – How many decimal places to round to

📌 Examples:

=ROUND(123.4567, 2)

→ Returns 123.46

=ROUNDUP(123.451, 2)

→ Returns 123.46

=ROUNDDOWN(123.459, 2)

→ Returns 123.45

📊 Use Cases:

• Financial reporting where only two decimal places are needed
• Controlling precision in grades, ratios, or statistics
• Avoiding over/underestimation in dashboards

💡 Tip:

Use ROUND() to get the nearest value, ROUNDUP() to always round higher, and ROUNDDOWN() to round lower.

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